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1. ÍøÂç½Ó¿Ú

ÍøÂç½Ó¿ÚÊÇLinuxЭÒéÕ»ÖÐ×îµ×²ãµÄÒ»¸ö×é³É²¿·Ö£¬ÈÏÕæʵÏÖÍøÂçÊý¾Ý°üµÄÊÕ·¢¡£ÔÚLinuxÖУ¬ÍøÂç½Ó¿Úͨ¹ý×°±¸Çý¶¯³ÌÐòÀ´ÊµÏÖ£¬Ã¿¸öÍøÂç½Ó¿Ú¶¼ÓÐÒ»¸öΨһµÄ±êʶ·û£¬ÀýÈçeth0¡¢eth1µÈ¡£ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýifconfigÏÂÁîÀ´Éó²éÄ¿½ñϵͳÖеÄÍøÂç½Ó¿ÚÐÅÏ¢£¬ÈçÏÂËùʾ£º

ifconfig

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ÔÚLinuxÖУ¬ÍøÂç½Ó¿ÚµÄÌ×½Ó×ֵصã½á¹¹½ç˵ÔÚ<linux/if.h>Í·ÎļþÖУ¬³ÌÐòÔ±¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýŲÓÃsocket()ºÍbind()À´½¨ÉèÒ»¸ö°ó¶¨µ½Ö¸¶¨ÍøÂç½Ó¿ÚµÄÌ×½Ó×Ö¡£ÏÂÃæÊÇÒ»¸ö¼òÆÓµÄʾÀý´úÂ룺

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <linux/if.h>

int main() {
    int sockfd;
    struct sockaddr sa;

    sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
    if(sockfd < 0) {
        perror("socket");
        return -1;
    }

    struct ifreq ifr;
    memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
    strcpy(ifr.ifr_name, "eth0");

    if(setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BINDTODEVICE, (void*)&ifr, sizeof(ifr)) < 0) {
        perror("setsockopt");
        close(sockfd);
        return -1;
    }

    close(sockfd);
}

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2. Ì×½Ó×Ö

Ì×½Ó×ÖÊÇLinuxЭÒéÕ»ÖеÄÖÐÐļþ£¬ÈÏÕæ´¦ÀíÓ¦ÓòãºÍ´«Êä²ãÖ®¼äµÄͨѶ¡£ÔÚLinuxÖУ¬Ì×½Ó×Ö½Ó¿Ú½ç˵ÔÚ Í·ÎļþÖУ¬³ÌÐòÔ±¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýsocket()¡¢bind()¡¢listen()¡¢accept()¡¢connect()µÈº¯ÊýÀ´½¨ÉèºÍÖÎÀíÌ×½Ó×Ö¡£

ÏÂÃæÊÇÒ»¸ö¼òÆÓµÄTCPЧÀÍÆ÷ʾÀý´úÂ룬ʵÏÖÁËÒ»¸ö»ùÓÚÌ×½Ó×ֵļòÆÓEchoЧÀÍÆ÷£º

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>

#define PORT 8080

int main() {
    int sockfd, new_sockfd;
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr, client_addr;
    char buffer[1024];

    sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if(sockfd < 0) {
        perror("socket");
        return -1;
    }

    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);

    if(bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) < 0) {
        perror("bind");
        return -1;
    }

    listen(sockfd, 5);

    while(1) {
       int addrlen = sizeof(client_addr);
       new_sockfd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, &addrlen);
       memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
       read(new_sockfd, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
       write(new_sockfd, buffer, strlen(buffer));
       close(new_sockfd);
    }

    close(sockfd);
    return 0;
}

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3. TCP/IPЭÒéÕ»

ÔÚLinuxÖУ¬TCP/IPЭÒéջʵÏÖÁËÍøÂçͨѶÖеĴ«Êä²ãºÍÍøÂç²ãЭÒ飬ÀýÈçTCP¡¢UDP¡¢IPµÈ¡£³ÌÐòÔ±¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýsocket()º¯ÊýÀ´½¨ÉèÒ»¸öTCP»òUDPÌ×½Ó×Ö£¬Í¨¹ýconnect()º¯Êý½¨ÉèÅþÁ¬£¬Í¨¹ýsend()ºÍrecv()º¯Êý·¢ËͺÍÎüÊÕÊý¾Ý¡£

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#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>

#define PORT 8080
#define SERVER_IP "127.0.0.1"

int main() {
    int sockfd;
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
    char buffer[1024];

    sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if(sockfd < 0) {
        perror("socket");
        return -1;
    }

    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(SERVER_IP);
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);

    if(connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) < 0) {
        perror("connect");
        return -1;
    }

    strcpy(buffer, "Hello, Server!");
    write(sockfd, buffer, strlen(buffer));
    memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
    read(sockfd, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
    printf("Server response: %s
", buffer);

    close(sockfd);
    return 0;
}

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