LinuxЧÀÍÆ÷Çå¾²ÐÔ£ºWeb½Ó¿Ú±£»¤µÄδÀ´Ç÷ÊÆ¡£
LinuxЧÀÍÆ÷Çå¾²ÐÔ£ºWeb½Ó¿Ú±£»¤µÄδÀ´Ç÷ÊÆ
ͻ񻣼
Ëæ×Å»¥ÁªÍøµÄѸÃÍÉú³¤£¬WebÓ¦ÓóÌÐòÒѾ³ÉΪÆóÒµÍøÂçµÄÒªº¦×é³É²¿·Ö¡£È»¶ø£¬WebÓ¦ÓóÌÐòÒ²³ÉΪºÚ¿ÍµÄ¹¥»÷Ä¿µÄ¡£±¾ÎĽ«Ì½ÌÖLinuxЧÀÍÆ÷ÉÏWeb½Ó¿ÚµÄ±£»¤²½·¥£¬²¢ÏÈÈÝÁËδÀ´Ç÷ÊÆ¡£
СÐò£º
LinuxЧÀÍÆ÷ÔÚÆóÒµÍøÂçÖÐÊÎÑÝ×ÅÖÁ¹ØÖ÷ÒªµÄ½ÇÉ«¡£±£»¤Ð§ÀÍÆ÷µÄÇå¾²ÐÔÊDZ£»¤ÆóÒµÊý¾ÝºÍÓû§ÐÅÏ¢µÄÒªº¦¡£ÆäÖУ¬±£»¤Web½Ó¿ÚÓÈΪÖ÷Òª£¬ÓÉÓÚËüÖ±½ÓÃæÏòÃñÖںͺڿ͡£±¾ÎĽ«ÏÈÈݼ¸ÖÖ³£¼ûµÄLinuxЧÀÍÆ÷ÉÏWeb½Ó¿ÚµÄ±£»¤²½·¥£¬²¢ÌÖÂÛδÀ´µÄÇ÷ÊÆ¡£
Ò»¡¢Ê¹Ó÷À»ðǽÉèÖÃÕ½ÂÔ
·À»ðǽÊDZ£»¤Ð§ÀÍÆ÷µÄµÚÒ»µÀ·ÀµØ¡£Í¨¹ýÉèÖ÷À»ðǽ¹æÔò£¬¿ÉÒÔÏÞÖƶÔЧÀÍÆ÷µÄ»á¼û£¬×èֹδ¾ÊÚȨµÄ»á¼û¡£ÒÔÏÂÊÇһЩ³£¼ûµÄ·À»ðǽÉèÖÃÏÂÁ
ÆÁÕϲ»ÐëÒªµÄ¶Ë¿Ú£º
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport <port> -j DROP
µÇ¼ºó¸´ÖÆ
ÔÊÐíÌض¨µÄIPµØµã»á¼û£º
iptables -A INPUT -s <IP_address> -j ACCEPT
µÇ¼ºó¸´ÖÆ
×èÖ¹À´×ÔÌض¨IPµØµãµÄ»á¼û£º
iptables -A INPUT -s <IP_address> -j DROP
µÇ¼ºó¸´ÖÆ
¶þ¡¢Ê¹ÓÃHTTPS¼ÓÃÜͨѶ
ΪÁ˱£»¤Web½Ó¿ÚÉϵÄÊý¾Ý´«Ê䣬ʹÓÃHTTPS¼ÓÃÜͨѶÊDZز»¿ÉÉٵġ£HTTPSʹÓÃSSL£¨Çå¾²Ì×½Ó×ֲ㣩ÐÒé¾ÙÐÐÊý¾Ý´«Êä¼ÓÃÜ£¬¿ÉÒÔ±ÜÃâºÚ¿ÍÇÔÈ¡Êý¾Ý¡£ÒÔÏÂÊÇһЩÉèÖÃHTTPSµÄ°ì·¨£º
ÉêÇëºÍ×°ÖÃSSLÖ¤Ê飺
yum install mod_ssl
µÇ¼ºó¸´ÖÆ
ÉèÖÃÐéÄâÖ÷»úÎļþ£º
<VirtualHost *:443> DocumentRoot /var/www/html ServerName www.example.com SSLEngine on SSLCertificateFile /etc/httpd/ssl/www.example.com.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/httpd/ssl/www.example.com.key </VirtualHost>
µÇ¼ºó¸´ÖÆ
ÖØÆôApacheЧÀÍÆ÷£º
systemctl restart httpd
µÇ¼ºó¸´ÖÆ
Èý¡¢ÏÞÖÆ»á¼ûʵÑé´ÎÊý
ºÚ¿Í¾³£Ê¹Óñ©Á¦ÆƽâÀ´ÊµÑéµÇ¼ЧÀÍÆ÷¡£ÏÞÖÆ»á¼ûʵÑé´ÎÊý¿ÉÒÔÓÐÓÃ×èÖ¹ÕâÖÖ¹¥»÷¡£ÒÔÏÂÊÇÒ»¸ö¼òÆӵĴúÂëʾÀý£¬ÏÞÖÆÿ¸öIPµØµãÔÚ5·ÖÖÓÄÚÖ»ÄÜʵÑé3´ÎµÇ¼£º
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -i eth0 -m state --state NEW -m recent --set iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -i eth0 -m state --state NEW -m recent --update --seconds 300 --hitcount 3 -j DROP
µÇ¼ºó¸´ÖÆ
ËÄ¡¢Ê¹ÓÃWebÓ¦Ó÷À»ðǽ£¨WAF£©
WebÓ¦Ó÷À»ðǽ¿ÉÒÔ¼ì²âºÍ·ÀÓù³£¼ûµÄWebÓ¦ÓóÌÐò¹¥»÷£¬ÈçSQL×¢Èë¡¢¿çÕ¾¾ç±¾¹¥»÷µÈ¡£WAF¿ÉÒÔÔÚÓ¦ÓóÌÐò²ãÃæÁÙ¶ñÒâÇëÇó¾ÙÐйýÂ˺Í×èÖ¹¡£ÒÔÏÂÊÇÒ»¸öʹÓÃModSecurityµÄWAFÉèÖÃʾÀý£º
yum install mod_security echo "Include /etc/httpd/conf.d/mod_security.conf" >> /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf systemctl restart httpd
µÇ¼ºó¸´ÖÆ
Î塢δÀ´Ç÷ÊÆ
Ëæ×ÅÊÖÒÕµÄÒ»Ö±Éú³¤£¬Î´À´µÄWeb½Ó¿Ú±£»¤Ç÷Êƽ«°üÀ¨ÒÔϼ¸¸ö·½Ã棺
È˹¤ÖÇÄܺͻúеѧϰ£ºÊ¹ÓÃAIºÍML¿ÉÒÔ¸üºÃµØ¼ì²âºÍ×èÖ¹ÐÂÐ͹¥»÷£¬Ìá¸ßÇå¾²ÐÔ¡£
Ë«ÒòËØÈÏÖ¤£º³ýÁËÓû§ÃûºÍÃÜÂëÍ⣬ʹÓÃÆäËûÒòËØ£¨Èç¶ÌÐÅÑéÖ¤Âë¡¢ÉúÎïÌØÕ÷µÈ£©¾ÙÐÐÈÏÖ¤£¬ÔöÌíµÇ¼µÄÇå¾²ÐÔ¡£
Çå¾²Îó²î×Ô¶¯ÐÞ¸´£ºÍ¨¹ý×Ô¶¯»¯¹¤¾ß¼ì²âºÍÐÞ¸´Çå¾²Îó²î£¬¼õÇáÖÎÀíÔ±µÄ¼ç¸º¡£
½áÂÛ£º
ÔÚLinuxЧÀÍÆ÷Éϱ£»¤Web½Ó¿ÚµÄÇå¾²ÐÔÊÇÆóÒµÍøÂçÇå¾²µÄ»ù´¡¡£±¾ÎÄÏÈÈÝÁ˼¸ÖÖ³£¼ûµÄ±£»¤²½·¥£¬²¢Õ¹ÍûÁËδÀ´Ç÷ÊÆ¡£Í¨¹ýÔöǿЧÀÍÆ÷µÄ·À»ðǽÉèÖá¢Ê¹ÓÃHTTPS¼ÓÃÜͨѶ¡¢ÏÞÖÆ»á¼ûʵÑé´ÎÊýºÍʹÓÃWebÓ¦Ó÷À»ðǽ£¬¿ÉÒÔÌá¸ßWeb½Ó¿ÚµÄÇå¾²ÐÔ£¬²¢±£»¤Ð§ÀÍÆ÷ÃâÊܺڿ͹¥»÷¡£Î´À´£¬Ëæ×ÅÊÖÒÕµÄÉú³¤£¬Ðµı£»¤²½·¥½«Ò»Ö±Ó¿ÏÖ£¬ÎªÆóÒµÍøÂçµÄÇå¾²ÐÔÌṩ¸ü¶à°ü¹Ü¡£
²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×£º
“Linux Firewalls: Enhancing Security with nftables and Beyond”. Steve Grubb, Jose Pedro Oliviera, and Rami Rosen. 2020.
“Web Application Firewalls: Detection and Prevention of Web Application Attacks”. Ryan C. Barnett. 2007.
“Artificial Intelligence and Security: Future Directions”. Yiannis Kelemenis, Spyros Makridakis, and Nicos Pavlidis. 2021.
ÒÔÉϾÍÊÇLinuxЧÀÍÆ÷Çå¾²ÐÔ£ºWeb½Ó¿Ú±£»¤µÄδÀ´Ç÷ÊÆ¡£µÄÏêϸÄÚÈÝ£¬¸ü¶àÇë¹Ø×¢±¾ÍøÄÚÆäËüÏà¹ØÎÄÕ£¡